Climate proposals withered at the Texas Capitol this year

“Climate proposals withered at the Texas

Capitol this year

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Texas legislators largely ignored pleas for critical reform from environmental advocates during this year's legislative session — failing to

act on lowering energy use, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and lessening the disproportionate impact of pollution on communities of color.

At the same time, the laws they did approve try to block local attempts to control greenhouse gas emissions, eliminate tax incentives for

renewable energy companies and support building more fossil-fuel-fired power plants.

“The climate is worse off for the Legislature having met,” Environment Texas Executive Director Luke Metzger said.

Lawmakers passed a huge economic incentives

package

to lure companies to Texas, which included the oil and gas industry but excluded wind and solar energy companies.

Ideas supported by Democrats to reduce electricity demand — and consequently reduce emissions from electricity production — didn't get far in

the GOP-dominated Legislature.

A bill that would have established a 1% energy savings

goal by 2030, for example, stalled in the House. That legislation would have required power utilities to implement initiatives like installing

new windows, insulation or water heaters in businesses or homes.

“Energy efficiency is the cheapest megawatt you can buy,” said Colin Leyden, Texas political director for the Environmental Defense Fund.

“That was a big disappointment.”

Still, some significant climate and environment legislation passed: Texas will spend more than $2 billion to boost water supplies and prevent flooding, two of the most

destructive climate impacts in Texas as droughts are worsened by higher temperatures and rains and hurricanes get stronger. State lawmakers also

approved bills that will buy more land for state

parks

and increase penalties for companies that pollute.

And, in a modest gesture to bolster the transition to renewable energy, a handful of bills will clarify rules for developing geothermal energy and smooth the way for electric vehicle chargers to be

built — although EV drivers will have to pay an additional

$200 annual fee starting in September.

Energy efficiency proposals fail

Politicians mostly failed to push the state to improve energy efficiency in businesses and homes and reduce energy demand to alleviate strain

on the state's main power grid.

State Rep. Rafael Anchía, D-Dallas, argued that Senate Bill 258, which included the 1% energy efficiency

goal, would have helped during the deadly 2021 winter storm that saw skyrocketing power demand push the grid close to

collapse and plunged millions of Texans into darkness for days. Supporters highlighted how it would lower electricity costs and reduce emissions

created by producing electricity.

“Energy efficiency programs are really the lowest-cost solution to reduce energy waste,” Anchía said.

The House Committee on State Affairs never voted on it.

Other ideas died with it, including one that would have

offered

loans or rebates for upgrading or retrofitting homes. Legislators also rejected a bill to create a Texas Energy Efficiency Council to coordinate the state's

energy efficiency approach.

“What they seem to ignore … is the fact that we can, in a way that's cheaper for consumers and also is better in terms of the climate because

it reduces emissions, we can do things on the demand side,” said Cyrus Reed, conservation director of the Lone Star Chapter of the Sierra

Club.

Local climate policies restricted

Texas Republicans passed several pieces of legislation that will tip the scales toward fossil fuels and thwart local efforts to speed the

transition to renewable energy.

Senate Bill 1017 will block cities from adopting

ordinances that prohibit engines based on their fuel source starting Sept. 1. A proposal floated in Dallas to restrict purchases of gas-powered lawn equipment inspired the legislation.

Another bill, Senate Bill 1860, targeted a proposed

“climate charter” in El Paso. Proposition K, which El Paso residents voted down in early May, would have amended the city's charter to create

aggressive renewable energy goals and make controlling carbon emissions a cornerstone of major city decisions. The Senate bill, which is awaiting

approval by the governor, would require cities to get permission from the Legislature before approving changes to their charters that purport to

address climate change.

And a sweeping bill that will allow the state to

siphon power from blue cities, seizing control of regulatory

areas

including labor, agriculture and natural resources, may also impact local climate proposals, some climate advocates said. The bill is

expected to be signed by the governor.

Other proposals were largely symbolic: House Bill 33,

awaiting approval from the governor, would make Texas a sort of “sanctuary state” for the oil and gas industry and attempt to shield the industry

from federal climate regulations. Rep. Brooks Landgraf, R-Odessa, has

characterized it as a way to “stall” federal rules on the oil and gas industry, but experts said the measure is unlikely to change most environmental

enforcement in Texas

.

Texas Republicans continued their fight against ESG — commitments, mostly in the financial industry, to environmental, social and governance

causes. Financial firms have adopted strategies in recent years that attempt to account for the negative societal costs of investing in companies

that worsen climate change, use exploitative labor practices or engage in corporate corruption. Using ESG criteria typically reduces the

attractiveness of oil and gas companies as an investment.

In 2021, Texas lawmakers prohibited state funds from contracting with or investing in companies that divest from oil, natural gas and coal

companies. This year, with Senate Bill 833, Texas

Republicans went after insurance companies. The legislation, which is expected to have the governor's approval, would ban insurance companies doing business in Texas from charging higher rates

solely based on how a company is rated by ESG criteria.

Extreme heat ignored

The Legislature also largely ignored bills that would have helped Texans adapt to the rising temperatures brought by climate change.

Extreme heat is an extreme danger in Texas, where heat-related deaths reached a two-decade high last year during the state's second-hottest summer on record. More than two-thirds of

Texas' 100 prisons don't have air conditioning in most living areas, and summer heat has killed prisoners.

The Texas House proposed spending $545 million to install

air conditioning in prisons

, the Senate proposed spending nothing, and the final budget didn't allocate a dime (although $85.7 million for maintenance projects could be used to install some air

conditioning).

House Bill 2127, the sweeping local control bill, may

also block heat-related city ordinances. Local ordinances mandate 10-minute breaks for construction workers in Austin and Dallas to reduce the

risk of heat exhaustion and heat stroke on the job. But HB 2127 would bar cities and counties from passing regulations and overturn existing ones

that go further than state law in many policy areas, and labor advocates are worried it will override those hard-fought protections.

Some House Democrats sought to require a study on the

impacts of climate change in Texas, to little effect. One

bill

, filed by Rep. Erin Zwiener, D-Driftwood, would have required the

state to compile an inventory of greenhouse gas emissions and create a climate action plan. It didn't get a hearing.

Environmental justice proposals die

Frustrated Texans who live near industrial facilities took buses from Houston to the Capitol to call on lawmakers to strengthen environmental

regulations on concrete batch plants — where materials like sand, water and cement for concrete are poured into mixing trucks — and other

industries that tend to pollute predominantly Black and Latino neighborhoods. Their activism appeared to get some results with Senate Bill 1397.

Lawmakers increased pollution penalties for industrial facilities from a maximum of $25,000 a day to $40,000 a day for major violations of

state environmental regulations. They also lengthened the time the public can comment on agency matters following a Texas Commission on

Environmental Quality permit hearing to 36 hours. Currently, the public can comment on permits for new plants before, during or, in some cases,

after a public meeting. The bill still needs the governor's approval to become law.

But residents had hoped lawmakers would also require Texas' environmental regulators to consider the total impact of pollution from clusters

of industrial facilities, rather than considering the effects of their emissions individually. Those proposals failed.

One bill by state Sen. Borris L. Miles, a Houston Democrat, would have forced regulators to consider the

total amount of emissions in an area before permitting another facility. It died in the Senate's Natural Resources and Economic Development

committee after a hearing. Another bill by state Rep. Ron Reynolds, D-Missouri City, would have established an environmental justice

advisory council within the state's environmental agency. It didn't get a hearing.

Legislators did direct the TCEQ by the end of next

year to study the environmental effects of installing, operating and disposing of wind, solar and battery energy infrastructure.

And a bill that would give TCEQ authority to not investigate certain complaints against polluters was approved by the House and Senate and

awaits the governor's approval. Opponents say Senate Bill

471

discourages citizen reports of air and water pollution.\

Disclosure: The Environmental Defense Fund has been a financial supporter of The Texas Tribune, a nonprofit, nonpartisan news organization

that is funded in part by donations from members, foundations and corporate sponsors. Financial supporters play no role in the Tribune's

journalism. Find a complete list of them here.

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This article originally appeared in The Texas Tribune at https://www.texastribune.org/2023/06/02/texas-environment-climate-energy-bills-legislature/.

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